案款发还从3分钟缩短到20秒……北京高院发布第三届司法改革“微创新”案例******
光明网讯（记者孙满桃）制定全国首个《中小微企业快速重整工作办法（试行）》，挽救中小微企业40家，引入投资近50亿元，妥善安置职工1200余人；“一键立案”、二维码交纳执行案款、一键智能发还案款……这些与老百姓密切相关的微创新，汇聚在一起却带来了大变革。1月11日，北京市高级人民法院召开新闻发布会，向社会通报21个北京法院2022年度司法改革“微创新”案例。
据北京高院党组成员、副院长孙玲玲介绍，2022年北京法院持续深化司法改革，各项改革举措蹄疾步稳、积厚成势。“此次评选出的案例具有首都特色、体现基层智慧、破解改革难题，是北京法院司法改革创新工作的重要展示窗口。”孙玲玲说。
记者注意到，部分“微创新”案例还充分体现北京法院加强诉源治理和矛盾纠纷多元化解工作。北京高院构建12368“一号响应”诉源治理机制，深度融入北京市接诉即办改革，精准对接各类诉源治理主体在办理12345群众诉求和开展矛盾纠纷预防调处化解过程中提出的司法需求，北京全市法院通过12368热线主渠道响应诉源治理类司法需求2701个，满意度达100%；健全一站式多元解纷机制，将司法确认、小额诉讼、扩大独任制适用等改革任务融入“多元调解+速裁”，60%以上的一审民商事案件在诉讼前端得到解决。西城法院建立“1+15”街道联络员与法院专门团队对接机制，确认调解协议案件有效率达100%。
同时，强化服务保障和司法为民职能，满足人民群众对创新发展和利民便民的司法新需求。北京一中院构建“1+2+3”多元破产挽救体系，挽救中小微企业40家，引入投资近50亿元，妥善安置职工1200余人。北京四中院加强北京国际商事法庭建设，建立与国际接轨的多元解纷示范机制，北京国际商事法庭运行以来，为60多个国家和地区的3000余位中外当事人化解超过160亿元的商事纠纷。北京丰台法院探索建立“一窗通办”服务窗口，机制启用以来，累计接待群众10022人次，为群众办理三项以上事务851人次、两项以上事务3594人次，平均办理时长5分钟。通州法院将诉讼服务和速裁工作下沉人民法庭，为辖区群众提供家门口的一站式诉讼服务。加强对特殊群体的保护，创建涉未成年人民事社会调查观护工作模式被引入相关国家标准。朝阳法院加强对老年人群体的司法保护，打造审理涉老年人权益保障案件的专门法庭。
在推进智慧法院和互联网司法建设方面，北京法院不断回应网络数字时代人民群众的司法新需求。北京高院制定《北京法院电子卷宗同步生成操作规程》《北京法院电子诉讼档案管理规范（试行）》，统一电子卷宗生成标准和工作要求，全市法院电子上诉移转自然时长较纸质模式节省超过20%。互联网法院开发自动抓取录入案款发还信息功能，实现一键智能发还案款，每笔案款发还从三分钟缩短到20秒，案款收发全年平均时长仅3.11天。
中新网评：处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******
中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称，将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对，企图将核污水“一倒了之”，把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。
资料图：日本福岛第一核电站。2011年，福岛核电站事故发生后，大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋，对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害，数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日，作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由，在2021年4月13日，正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多，日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称，这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全，甚至“可以喝”，这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上，经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质，核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收，长期来看，将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁，最终危害人类健康。
因此，核污水排海计划推出后，遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示，福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中，约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场，反对该计划。
日本政府认为，核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案，但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海，核污水会随着洋流流动，其影响势必会跨越国界，危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称，相关研究认为，福岛核污水如果排放入海，约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域，该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告，若日本将所有核污水排入海中，不到半年，整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁，包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国，有义务保护海洋环境。然而，在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上，日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估，但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论，并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下，日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设，这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道，日本必须正视各方合理关切，在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后，制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远，若只顾眼前，执意将核污水排放入海，不仅其自身，周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单，其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
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